==============================================================================
"-IDO FOR ALL-" by Niklas ApGawain + P.D. Hugon + J.L. Moore + L. de Beaufront
  revised by an Idiotist (B.Y.T) with material from various sources, revizita/
  ata/ota da zeloza Idisti per materii de diversa fonti, ed fakte ja tradukita
  da li "tote libere" aden kelka sua lingui "segun sua maniero por sua skopi".

Lo signifikas ke onu darfas tote libere uzar "Ido For All" por sua skopo segun
sua maniero, tradukante la libro aden sua propra linguo pro ke olim Sro Niklas
ApGawain per sua grand'anmo permisis me tale ke anke me volas kondutar simile.

== Revizuri ==================================================================
   1.0 / 1999-07-26 : 1.1 / 1999-08-03 : 1.2 / 2000-02-29 : 1.3 / 2000-05-10
   1.4 / Ups! (Oops!) Pardonez me. 2005-02-13 / ....
   2.0 / 2009-06-  

==============================================================================
Just as the Tanakh is a composition of two major sources, this course is also 
a mixture of two different books by Niklas ApGawain and P.D. Hugon+J.L. Moore+
L. de Beaufront. Moreover this "IDO FOR ALL" contains small materials gathered
from various places by a couple of Idists.
==============================================================================




==== Elementary Lessons (00 - 12) ========================================
**** Lesson 00 - Zeresma Leciono **********************************************

The Alphabet (corrected by Mr. Gilberto KOSTA  2008/11/28) --------------------
Ido uses all the 26 letters and two consonant groups found in the English
alphabet.  There are no silent letters. Every letter must be pronounced even
when double letters are found. Each letter has its own particular sound value
which distinguishes it from all others.

The Consonants:-(corrected by Mr. Gilberto KOSTA  2008/11/28) -----------------

These have exactly the same pronounciation as in English:
   b, d, f, k, l, m, n, p, t, v, w, z

The other consonants are as follows:
   c - as 'ts' in bits, never as in English: ca (=tsa).
   g - always as 'g' in get, never as 'g' in gin.
   h - always sounded: honoro - honour.
   j - as in French, i.e. like the 's' in pleasure.
   r - rolled if possible, but in any case always pronounced,
          even in such words as portar [porr-TARR].
   s - as 's' in soft, never a 'z' sound as in fuse.
   x - as English x [ks, gz], except that the Ido x never has the 'z' sound
          found in English xylophone, but retains the 'ks' or 'gz' sound
          even at the beginning of words: xilofono [ksi-lo-FO-no].
   y - this is a consonant as in yellow, and is never a vowel.
  qu - as 'qu' in queen [kwi:n]
  ch - as 'ch' in chat, never as 'ch' in machine.
  sh - as 'sh' in sheet'

The Consonants:--(Also out of US-version of Jerry MUELVER's Ido For All -------

Most consonants have exactly the same pronunciation as in English:
   b, d, f, k, l, m, n, p, t, v, w, z, qu, sh.
The other consonants are revised in Ido as follows:
   c - as "ts" in bits (Ido "ca" is pronounced "tsa"), never as in the 
       English "k" or "s" sounds used for "c".
   g - always as the hard "g" in get, never as the soft "g" in "gin".
   h - always sounded, honoro [ho-NOR-o] ・never silent as it is sometimes
       in English:honor [ON-er].
   j - voiced "s" as in French, i.e. like the "s" in "pleasure".
   r - rolled (tongue-flick) if possible, but in any case always pronounced,
       even in such words as portar [porr-TARR].
   s - as "s" in (English) "soft", never a voiced "z" sound as in (English)
       "fuse" [fyooz].
   x - as English "x" [ks, gz], except that the Ido "x" never has the "z"
       sound found in English "xylophone", but retains the "ks" or "gz" 
       sound even at the beginning of words: xilofono [ksi-lo-FO-no].
   y - this is a consonant as in "yellow", and is never a vowel.
  ch - as "ch" in "chat", never as the "ch" in "machine".

The Vowels:--------------------------------------------------------------------
These have approximately the following sounds (but see notes below):
   a - as 'a' in father.
   e - as 'e' in then.
   i - as 'i' in machine, an 'ee' sound.
   o - as 'o' in glory.
   u - as 'u' in rude, an 'oo' sound.

-- Important Notes --
   1) There is room for a little variation in the length of the vowel sound,
      but it should not be too long or too short.
   2) 'a'. Avoid making the 'ah' sound too long, so that it becomes 'aah' or
      even worse 'aahr'.
   3) Never pronounce 'e' as in English 'meter'. Avoid adding a 'y' or 'ee'
      sound to the Ido 'e' so that it sounds like the 'ay' in English 'way'.
   4) Avoid too much of an 'eey' sound to the Ido 'i'.
      Never pronounce 'i' as in the English word 'white', so be careful how
      you say such Ido words as 'mikra'.
   5) Avoid adding an 'oo' or 'w' sound to the Ido 'o', as is the case with
      English 'no' which rhymes with 'know'.
   6) Never pronounce 'u' as in the English words 'use' or 'universal',
      i.e. a 'yoo' sound instead of 'oo'. So be careful with words like
      'uzata' and 'universala'.
   7) Always say each vowel clearly. Never give a vowel the obscure 'uh' sound
      that is found in many English words, e.g. the 'a' in 'across',
      the 'e' in 'begin', or the 'o' and 'u' in 'button'.

Diphthongs:--------------------------------------------------------------------
A diphthong is a vowel sound resulting from two vowel sounds combining.
In Ido there are two simple diphthongs:
   au - a(ah) + u(oo) giving the 'ow' sound found in English 'now'.
            It is never pronounced as English 'au' in 'Paul'.
   eu - e(eh) + u(oo). This is an 'eh-oo' sound which does not exist in
        standard English. 'eu' is never a 'yoo' sound as in English 'neutral'.

/Note/
   'u' before a vowel will tend to become like 'w', e.g. linguo [LIN-gwo].
   'i' before a vowel will tend to bceome like 'y', e.g. pekunio [pe-KU-nyo].

All other vowel should be said separately: 'ai' is 'a-i' and 'ae' is 'a-e',
   etc, (not the English sounds remember).

Accentuation:------------------------------------------------------------------
All English words have at least one syllable which is stressed more than the
   others: but'ter, intel'ligent, e'lephant, begin'.
   You will see from this that in English there is no obvious rule about where
   the stress occurs in a word. It could be in any syllable.

In Ido there is a simple rule with only one exception.
<<<<< The stress always falls on the last syllable but one. >>>>> :
   hun'do, ka'to, lin'guo, fami'lio [fa-MI-lyo], akade'mio [a-ka-DE-myo].

But the accentuation is on the last syllable in the case of verb infinitives
   (recognisable by their -ar, -or, -ir endings) for clarity in speech:
    pozar', drinkar', drinkor', drinkir', donar', donor', donir'.

- Examples MP3 -
   amar',  kredir',  finor',  ama'ta,  kredi'ta,  fino'ta,
   espere'ble,  facin'da,  jo'yo,  boa'o,  muze'o,  hero'o,  di'o,  du'o,
   fo'lio [FO-lyo],  li'lio [LI-lyo],  men'tio [MEN-tyo],  Ita'lia [i-TA-lya]
   a'quo [A-qwo],  lin'guo [LIN-gwo],  por'tuo [PORR-two],  re'vuo [RE-vwo]

Pronunciation Exercise MP3:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ka  vu  ja   ler'nas  la  no'va  lin'guo  internacio'na?
ka  vu  ja   LERR-nas la  NO-va  LIN-gwo  in-terr-na-ci-O-na

Me  komen'cis   studiar'  olu  an'te  kel'ka di'i,
me  ko-MEN-cis  stu-DYARR O-lu  AN-te  KEL-ka DI-i

e  me  tro'vas  ke  olu  es'as  ve're  tre  faci'la.
e  me  TRO-vas  ke  O-lu  ES-as  VE-re  tre  fa-CI-la

Om'na-di'e   me  lek'tas tex'to  dum  un  ho'ro;
OM-na-DI-e   me  LEK-tas TEX-to  dum  un  HO-ro

me  sem'pre lekt'tas lau'te.
me  SEM-pre LEK-tas  LAW-te
[LAw-te, never laU-te!, au being a diphthong.]

Ka vu  kompre'nas  to?
ka vu  kom-PRE-nas to

The names of the letters in Ido-alphabet are:----------------------------------
   a be ce de e fe ge he i je ke le me ne o pe que re se te u ve we xe ye ze


Now let's begin. MP3
--- Never too old to learn and never too young to learn -------
In this book you haven't got to do any obligatory 'exercises with the key'.
That is the way when you learn mathematics with numerous and boring exercises.
You can't learn a language really effectively enough in the same manner.

<<< Por ke ni povez balde parolar Ido, oportas ke ni tre ofte lektez laute.>>>

Please read aloud every Ido sentence in a lesson as many times as possible.
   And one lesson a day is quite enough for mastering this beautiful language.
Reading aloud as often as you can is the royal road to learning a new language,
   as proved by German archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann (1822-90).

<< Maxim bone onu lernas linguo, se onu lektas olu laute tam ofte kam posibla.>>




XXXXX << The unofficial world of Ido >> XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX


The practical names of the letters in Ido-alphabet are: MP3 -------------------

   A B C Ch D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S Sh T U V W X Y Z

   a be ce che de e ef ge hash i je ke el em en o pe que ere es she te u ev we
   exe ye and ze

   Some Europeans cannot distinguish between b/v, v/w, s/z and s/sh.
   And the descendants of the Roman Empire do not pronounce 'h' very well.
      H is a 'hush' sign for the Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, French etc.
   In addition, the Japanese are deaf to the differences between b/v and l/r.
   So it is convenient to use be/ev, ev/we, el/ere, es/ze, es/sho and hash.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heinrich Schliemann (1822-90): 

Schliemann might have stayed in that position for life if he hadn't discovered
his knack of learning languages. He taught himself English, Dutch and French.
Later he learned Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian. The knowledge of these
languages enabled him to find a good position in an import/export firm. He
learned Russian and moved to the company's branch office in St. Petersburg in
1846. While there he increased this employer's business while making a small
fortune for himself trading in indigo dye.
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