初めてのイド語

**** Lesson 01 - Unesma Leciono ***********************************************

Nouns:-------------------------------------------------------------------------
The word 'noun' literally means a 'name'. It refers to any thing that you can
   actually see, hear, touch, or put a name to: table, chair, man, cat.
In Ido you will quickly recognise which words are nouns, because they all end
   with the letter -o:  kato (cat), hundo (dog), tablo (table).

The Indefinite Article:--------------------------------------------------------
The English language uses two little words 'a' and 'an',
   which do not exist in Ido. In Ido it is enough to say
   'ovo' for egg or 'an' egg; 'tablo' for table or 'a' table and so on.
   You will soon see that it is not necessary to have
   an indefinite article, and that no confusion ever arises.

The Definite Article:----------------------------------------------------------
The definite article (the) is 'la':  matro - a mother; la matro - the mother

Es:----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Ido word 'esas/es' is roughly the English word 'is', but be careful as it
   can also be translated as 'am' or 'are'. For simplicity, what we say in Ido
   is the equivalent of: I is, You is, he/she/it is, we is, they is, and so on.

/Notes/
'Es' is a short form of 'esas', Though 'es' is more convenient, 'esas' is just
   as common. The learner may suit himself which form of the word he uses.

Learn the following words by heart:--------------------------------------------
buxo - box,  domo -house,  gardeno - garden,  hundo - dog,  kato - cat,
muso - mouse,  tablo - table,  esas/es - is/am/are,  me - I/me,  vu - you,
yuno - teenager/ a youth,  yunulo - boy,  yunino - girl,  en - in,
sub - under,  sur - on,  la - the

Exempli:MP3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mary is a girl.- Maria esas/es yunino.
Charles is a boy. - Karlo esas/es yunulo.
The house is in the garden. - La domo esas/es en la gardeno.
I am in the garden. - Me esas/es en la gardeno.
I am in the house. - Me esas/es en la domo.
You are in the house. - Vu esas/es en la domo.
You are under the table. - Vu esas/es sub la tablo.
A dog is on the table in the house. - Hundo esas/es sur la tablo en la domo.
Rex is a dog. - Rex esas/es hundo.
William is a cat. - Wilhelm esas/es kato.
The dog is in the house. - La hundo esas/es en la domo.
The cat is on the table. - La kato esas/es sur la tablo.
The box is under the table. - La buxo esas/es sub la tablo.
The cat is on the box. - La kato esas/es sur la buxo.
The mouse is in the house. - La muso esas/es en la domo.
The mouse is in the box. - La muso esas/es en la buxo.
The mouse is under the table. - La muso esas/es sub la tablo.

Verbs - Present Tense:---------------------------------------------------------
A verb is an 'action' or 'doing' word: see, read, touch. These are all actions.
   Verbs too, in Ido, can be easily recognised by their endings.
   The first ones you will learn in this book all have the ending that shows
   the present tense, that is the ending -AS.
The present tense is used when the action in the verb is happening NOW:
   Me vidas la hundo. - I see the dog.
   Vu tushas la kato. - You touch the cat.
These are actions taking place at the present moment, so the present tense is
   used. In English there is more than one present tense, but don't let this
   confuse you: I touch the dog. I am touching the dog.
   If you think about it, these are both actions taking place in the present.
   Because the meanings of these two are so similar, Ido says them both in the
   same way: Me tushas (touch or am touching) la hundo.
   'Me lektas la libro' could therefore be either 'I read the book' or
   'I am reading the book', (or even 'I do read the book').
So remember this, especially when translating English into Ido.
   Don't translate 'I am touching' or 'you are reading' word for word.
   Until you can think naturally in Ido, it is best to change them in your mind
   to 'I touch' and 'you read' and then translate.

Ed/e:--------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Ido for 'and' is 'ed', but the final 'd', which is part of the root, is
   often dropped if the following word starts with a consonant. Officially you
   may suit yourself which word you use. It is a question of which sounds the
   better. In practice most Idists use 'e' if the following word starts with a
   consonant, and 'ed' if it starts with a vowel. Note the same thing applies
   to three other words which you will learn later:  a/ad, o/od, ka/kad.

Vortaro (Vocabulary):----------------------------------------------------------
drinkas - drinks,  havas - has (got),  lektas - reads,  manjas - eats,
prizas - likes,  promenas - walks/strolls,  regardas - looks (at),  e/ed - and,
tushas - touches,  vidas - sees,  aquo - water,  fenestro - window,
lakto - milk,  libro - book,  pomo - apple,  pordo - door,  stulo - chair

Exempli:MP3
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I have a dog. - Me havas hundo. 
I see the dog. - Me vidas la hundo.
The dog sees me. - La hundo vidas me.
I like the dog. - Me prizas la hundo.
I like milk. - Me prizas lakto. 
The dog has the milk. - La hundo havas la lakto.
The cat drinks the milk. - La kato drinkas la lakto.
You drink the milk. - Vu drinkas la lakto.
I have the apple. - Me havas la pomo.
I am eating the apple. - Me manjas la pomo.
The boy/girl is eating the apple. - La yuno manjas la pomo.
I am looking at the mouse. - Me regardas la muso.
The mouse sees the water. - La muso vidas la aquo.
The mouse is eating the book. - La muso manjas la libro.
The book is on the table. - La libro esas/es sur la tablo.
You read the book. - Vu lektas la libro.
You are reading the book. - Vu lektas la libro.
The cat looks at me. - La kato regardas me.
The cat looks at the door. - La kato regardas la pordo.
You are touching the door. - Vu tushas la pordo.
The cat is touching the window. - La kato tushas la fenestro.
I am touching the window. - Me tushas la fenestro.
I am walking in the garden. - Me promenas en la gardeno.
You and the dog are walking in the garden. -
   Vu e la hundo promenas en la gardeno.
The table and chair are in the house. - 
   La tablo e la stulo esas/es en la domo.

Vortaro:- Vocabulary ----------------------------------------------------------
Bona jorno - Hello (Good day)
Til rivido - Good-bye (Until we meet again)
Quale vu standas? - How are you?
Tre bone danko - Very well thank you.

Now when you meet another Idist, or go to a congress or international gathering
   you have the beginings of a simple conversation.

Konversado:MP3
Conversation -- Here is a conversation between Peter and Mary. ---
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
P: Bona jorno!
M: Bona jorno!
P: Quale vu standas?
M: Tre bone, danko. Quale vu standas?
P: Tre bone, danko.
M: Til rivido!
P: Til rivido!

Exerco:- Exercise -------------------------------------------------------------
1) Practice the conversation phrases.
2) Think in Ido of the things you know: Touch the door and say to yourself,
   'Me tushas la pordo'; read a book and say 'Me lektas libro'; and so on to
   include as many of the words learnt as possible.
3) Please read aloud every Ido sentence in a lesson as many times as possible.


XXXXX << The unofficial world of Ido >> XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX


No-English-speaking people often can't pronouce the names of the English people.

English Names : Naturalised Names in Ido (only experimentally)

Charles : Karlo [KAR-lo]
Paul : Paulo [PAW-lo]
Peter : Petro [PET-ro]
Philip : Filipo [fi-LI-po]
Mary : Maria [ma-RI-a]
Rex : Rex {Rrex]
Roger : Rogerio [r(r)o-GE-rio]
William : Wilhelm [VIL-helm/WIL-helm] <- volo (will) + helmo : Volhelmo

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What a Wonderful World!

Se nur Haendel, Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Tchaikovsky edc. existus'
ma Louis Armstrong kun sua "jazo" ne trovesus en ca mondo.... quala
tedanta mondon ni havus hodie. What a boaring world it would be ...